Association of major depressive disorder (MDD) with zinc levels and handgrip muscle strength in a sample of Colombian adults / Asociación del trastorno depresivo mayor con los niveles séricos de zinc y la fuerza muscular

Introduction: Depression is related with poor musclestrength, and deficiencies of microelements such as Zinc (Zn).Otherwise, Zn is related with muscle strength, but there is noevidence of the relations between muscle strength and Znlevels in depression. Objective: To determine the association between serum Zn levels, handgrip muscle strength, and depression. Methods: An observational, analytical case-control study. 102 depressive patients hospitalized at the San Juan de DiosClinic in Manizales, and 36 controls with no personal historyof mental illness were evaluated for depression severity,serum Zn levels, and handgrip muscle strength. The groupswere matched by sex, age, educational level, and socioeco-nomic stratum. The severity of depression was assessed us-ing the Montgomery–Asberg Rating Scale (MADRS). Serum Znlevels were determined, and handgrip muscle strength wasassessed using dynamometer. Descriptive analysis, logistic reression and linear models were performed with depressionand severity of depression as dependent variables. Results: Lower Zn levels and reduced handgrip musclestrength were related to the presence of depression with thelogistic model. Lower handgrip muscle strength and severityof depression were associated with the linear model. Conclusion: An association was found between depressionand low Zn levels, and an inverse association between severityof depression and handgrip muscle strength. Future studiesshould investigate causality, and to evaluate the relationshipbetween depression, muscle strength and nutritional status.(AU)

Introducción: La depresión se encuentra relacionada con una disminución de la fuerza muscular y deficiencia de microelementos como el Zinc (Zn). De otra parte, el Zn está relacionado con la fuerza muscular, sin embargo, no hay evidencia si existe una asociación entre fuerza muscular y Zn en depresión. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre niveles séricos de Zn, fuerza muscular y depresión. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico de casos y controles. Participaron 102 pacientes hospitalizados en la Clínica San Juan de Dios de Manizales y 36 controles sin historia personal de enfermedad mental. Fueron evaluados la severidad de la depresión, los niveles séricos de Zn y la fuerza de agarre manual. Los grupos fueron pareados por edad, sexo, escolaridad y estrato socioeconómico. La severidad de la depresión se evaluó con la escala de depresión Montgomery-Asberg (MADRS), se determinaron niveles séricos de Zn y la fuerza muscular fue evaluada con por dinamometría. Se realizo un análisis descriptivo, y modelos de regresión logística y regresión lineal con depresión y severidad de la depresión como variables dependientes.Resultados: El modelo de regresión logística encontró una asociación entre los niveles bajos de Zn y la fuerza muscular con la presencia de depresión. El modelo de regresión lineal encontró una relación entre menor fuerza de agarre y severidad de la depresión.Conclusión: Existe una asociación entre depresión y niveles bajos de Zn, y una relación inversamente proporcional entre severidad de la depresión y menor fuerza muscular. Estudios en el futuro deben investigar relaciones de causalidad y evaluar la relación entre depresión, fuerza muscular y estado nutricional.(AU)

Electroconvulsive Therapy Impact on Memory Performance in Patients With Depression.

INTRODUCTION: The safety of electroconvulsive therapy has improved greatly over the last decades, making the potentially adverse effects on memory and other neurocognitive functions the main clinical aspect of concern in the present. In Colombia, the general population and healthcare professionals (even some psychiatrists) seem to have mostly negative opinions towards electroconvulsive therapy treatment, but maybe this could be reconsidered if more information is provided; therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the changes in memory and the severity of the symptoms in a group of patients with severe depression before and after electroconvulsive therapy. METHODS: Twenty-three patients ranging in age from 23 to 70 years from the electroconvulsive therapy service at the San Juan de Dios Clinic (Manizales, Colombia) were recruited in order to assess the effect of electroconvulsive therapy on memory in patients with severe depression. Depressive symptoms and memory were assessed with the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), respectively. The assessment was administered to participants before the initial treatment of electroconvulsive therapy series (0-1 day) and 2 days after their last treatment. RESULTS: Electroconvulsive therapy resulted in significant improvement in the rating of depression. There were no significant differences in the five learning trials, delayed recall, learning and forgetting scores from pre-treatment to post-treatment. Significant pre-treatment/post-treatment differences were found in the delayed recognition trial. CONCLUSIONS: Pre- and post- electroconvulsive therapy cognitive assessment is a feasible and useful procedure. In general, memory performance does not worsen after electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression. Only delayed recognition is affected a few days following electroconvulsive therapy, particularly in patients with low educational level and bitemporal (BT) electrode placement.

Impacto de la Terapia Electroconvulsiva en el Funcionamiento de la Memoria en Pacientes con Depresión

Introducción: La seguridad de la terapia electroconvulsiva ha mejorado mucho en las últimas décadas, lo que hace que los efectos potencialmente adversos en la memoria y otras funciones neurocognitivas sean el principal aspecto clínico de preocupación en el presente. En Colombia, la población general y los profesionales de la salud (incluso algunos psiquiatras) parecen tener opiniones mayoritariamente negativas sobre el tratamiento electroconvulsivo, pero quizá esto podría reconsiderarse si se brinda más información; por lo tanto, el objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar los cambios en la memoria y la gravedad de los síntomas en un grupo de pacientes con depresión grave antes y después de la terapia electroconvulsiva. Métodos: Se incluyó a 23 pacientes con edades comprendidas entre los 23 y los 70 anos del Servicio de Terapia Electroconvulsiva de la Clínica San Juan de Dios (Manizales, Colombia) para evaluar el efecto de esta terapia en la memoria de pacientes con depresión grave. Los síntomas depresivos y la memoria se evaluaron con la escala de depresión de Hamilton (HAMD) y la prueba de aprendizaje auditivo verbal de Rey (RAVLT) respectivamente. Se evaluó a los participantes antes de la sesión inicial de la serie de terapia electroconvulsiva (0-1 día) y 2 días después de su último tratamiento. Resultados: La terapia electroconvulsiva resultó en una mejora significativa en la puntuación de depresión. No hubo diferencias significativas en las puntuaciones de las 5 pruebas de aprendizaje, recuerdo retardado, aprendizaje y olvido desde antes del tratamiento hasta después de este. Se encontraron diferencias significativas antes y después del tratamiento en la prueba de reconocimiento retardado. Conclusiones: Los problemas de memoria pueden evaluarse y caracterizarse de manera práctica tras la terapia electroconvulsiva. La evaluación cognitiva antes y después de la terapia electroconvulsiva es un procedimiento viable y útil. En general, el rendimiento de la memoria no empeora después de la terapia electroconvulsiva en pacientes con depresión. Solo el reconocimiento retardado se ve afectado unos días después, particularmente en pacientes con bajo nivel educativo y colocación de electrodos bitemporales (BT).

Introduction: The safety of electroconvulsive therapy has improved greatly over the last decades, making the potentially adverse effects on memory and other neurocognitive functions the main clinical aspect of concern in the present. In Colombia, the general population and healthcare professionals (even some psychiatrists) seem to have mostly negative opinions towards electroconvulsive therapy treatment, but maybe this could be reconsidered if more information is provided; therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the changes in memory and the severity of the symptoms in a group of patients with severe depression before and after electroconvulsive therapy. Methods: Twenty-three patients ranging in age from 23 to 70 years from the electroconvulsive therapy service at the San Juan de Dios Clinic (Manizales, Colombia) were recruited in order to assess the effect of electroconvulsive therapy on memory in patients with severe depression. Depressive symptoms and memory were assessed with the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), respectively. The assessment was administered to participants before the initial treatment of electroconvulsive therapy series (0-1 day) and 2 days after their last treatment. Results: Electroconvulsive therapy resulted in significant improvement in the rating of depression. There were no significant differences in the five learning trials, delayed recall, learning and forgetting scores from pre-treatment to post-treatment. Significant pre-treatment/post-treatment differences were found in the delayed recognition trial. Conclusions: Pre- and post- electroconvulsive therapy cognitive assessment is a feasible and useful procedure. In general, memory performance does not worsen after electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression. Only delayed recognition is affected a few days following electroconvulsive therapy, particularly in patients with low educational level and bitemporal (BT) electrode placement.

Influence of CYP2B6 Genotype on Methadone Dosage in Patients from the Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) Program in Pereira, Colombia.

Methadone treatment reduces the use of heroin and withdrawal symptoms; however, methadone is an expensive medication with a narrow safety margin. We compared the retention rates, persistence of heroin use, and quality of life of a group of patients undergoing conventional Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) with a group for whom the CYP2B6 516G>T polymorphism was used in addition to the MMT to calculate the required methadone dose. Over 12 weeks, the retention rate, heroin usage, and quality of life of patients under conventional treatment (n = 34) were compared with those of patients for whom we used genetic markers to calculate methadone dosage (n = 38). At the end of the study, 26.4% of patients abandoned the program, and neither demographic nor clinical variables were associated with treatment adherence. Of the remaining patients, 16% of the control group and 8% of patients in the pharmacogenetic group reported heroin use, while both groups showed a 64% reduction in the use of cocaine/crack (no significant differences between the groups were found). Starting in the second week, the methadone dosage was lower among the patients for whom methadone was prescribed based on genotype. Although there were six individuals in the control group and three in the pharmacogenetic group with QTc intervals > 450 ms (a threshold that is considered dangerous), we did not find a relationship between the QTc interval and methadone dosage. There were no differences in the perception of quality of life between the two groups. The results of this pilot study suggest that concerning methadone therapy, the CYP2B6 genotype contributes to reduced effective doses and treatment costs.

Electroconvulsive Therapy Impact on Memory Performance in Patients With Depression.

INTRODUCTION: The safety of electroconvulsive therapy has improved greatly over the last decades, making the potentially adverse effects on memory and other neurocognitive functions the main clinical aspect of concern in the present. In Colombia, the general population and healthcare professionals (even some psychiatrists) seem to have mostly negative opinions towards electroconvulsive therapy treatment, but maybe this could be reconsidered if more information is provided; therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the changes in memory and the severity of the symptoms in a group of patients with severe depression before and after electroconvulsive therapy. METHODS: Twenty-three patients ranging in age from 23 to 70 years from the electroconvulsive therapy service at the San Juan de Dios Clinic (Manizales, Colombia) were recruited in order to assess the effect of electroconvulsive therapy on memory in patients with severe depression. Depressive symptoms and memory were assessed with the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), respectively. The assessment was administered to participants before the initial treatment of electroconvulsive therapy series (0-1 day) and 2 days after their last treatment. RESULTS: Electroconvulsive therapy resulted in significant improvement in the rating of depression. There were no significant differences in the five learning trials, delayed recall, learning and forgetting scores from pre-treatment to post-treatment. Significant pre-treatment/post-treatment differences were found in the delayed recognition trial. CONCLUSIONS: Pre- and post- electroconvulsive therapy cognitive assessment is a feasible and useful procedure. In general, memory performance does not worsen after electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression. Only delayed recognition is affected a few days following electroconvulsive therapy, particularly in patients with low educational level and bitemporal (BT) electrode placement.

Neuropsychiatric symptoms as the only acute manifestation of a stroke in the left hemisphere. Case report.

We report the case of a 60-year-old female patient with a history of hypertension and dyslipidemia, who suddenly presented with a clinical picture of emotional lability, disorientation, complex visual hallucinations and persecutory delusions. There were no associated neurological findings in her initial physical examination. At a local hospital she was initially diagnosed with late-onset bipolar disorder and a manic episode with psychotic features, then referred to the mental health unit, where nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging of the brain revealed an acute ischemic stroke in the territory of the left posterior cerebral artery (PCA) with haemorrhagic reperfusion to the occipital cortex. Complete and spontaneous resolution of her clinical condition was achieved after approximately 15 days.

Neuropsychiatrie symptoms as the only acute manifestation of a stroke in the left hemisphere. Case report / Alteraciones neuropsiquiátricas como única manifestación de accidente cerebrovascular en hemisferio izquierdo. Reporte de caso

ABSTRACT We report the case of a 60-year-old female patient with a history of hypertension and dyslipidemia, who suddenly presented with a clinical picture of emotional lability, disorientation, complex visual hallucinations and persecutory delusions. There were no associated neurological findings in her initial physical examination. At a local hospital she was initially diagnosed with late-onset bipolar disorder and a manic episode with psychotic features, then referred to the mental health unit, where nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging of the brain revealed an acute ischemic stroke in the territory of the left posterior cerebral artery (PCA) with haemorrhagic reperfusion to the occipital cortex. Complete and spontaneous resolution of her clinical condition was achieved after approximately 15 days.

RESUMEN Se presenta el reporte de caso de una mujer de 60 anos de edad con antecedente de hipertensión arterial y dislipidemia, quien presenta cuadro clínico de inicio súbito consistente en labilidad emocional, desorientación alopsíquica global, alucinaciones visuales complejas e ideación delirante de tipo persecutorio, sin hallazgos neurológicos asociados en el examen físico inicial. Se enfocó en hospital local como un trastorno bipolar de inicio tardío con episodio actual maníaco con características psicóticas y es remitida a unidad de salud mental. Posteriormente hallazgos de resonancia magnética nuclear (RMN) cerebral revelaron una lesión correspondiente a ataque cerebrovascular (ACV) isquémico agudo en territorio de la arteria cerebral posterior (ACP) izquierda con reperfusión hemorrágica a nivel de corteza occipital. Se alcanzó una resolución espontánea completa de su cuadro clínico en un curso aproximado de 15 días.

Relación del funcionamiento cognitivocon variables clínicas en pacientes con trastornobipolar tipo I / Relationship Between Cognitive Function and Clinical Features in Patients With Bipolar I Disorder

Introducción: Estudios previos indican que la gravedad de las alteraciones de las funciones cognitivas de los diagnosticados de trastorno bipolar tipo I (TBI) están directamente relacionadas con el deterioro del funcionamiento general y la calidad de vida. Un funcionamiento cognitivo alterado se asocia con peor pronóstico del TBI, pero se conoce poco de la relación entre las funciones cognitivas y las características clínicas del TBI. Objetivo: Establecer posibles asociaciones entre el funcionamiento cognitivo y las características clínicas y sociodemográficas de los pacientes con TBI. Métodos: Se evaluó el funcionamiento cognitivo a través de la aplicación de una batería neuropsicológica a un grupo de pacientes con diagnóstico de TBI que se encontraran en ausencia de episodios afectivos durante al menos 6 meses, atendidos ambulatoriamente en la Clínica San Juan de Dios de Manizales. El análisis estadístico implicó la metodología de clasificación en clusters para dividirlos pacientes con mejor y peor funcionamiento cognitivo, y después se correlacionó con las variables clínicas y sociodemográficas. Resultados: Se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el número de años de estudio y la edad de inicio del trastorno con alteraciones en el nivel de funcionamiento cognitivo (p = 0,002 y p = 0,017 respectivamente). No se encontraron asociaciones significativas con otras variables. Conclusiones: El inicio temprano de la afección y un menor número de años de estudio serían factores de riesgo asociados con un peor funcionamiento cognitivo de los pacientes con TBI.

Introduction: Previous studies suggest that the severity of alterations in cognitive functions in people with a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder (BP-I) are directly related to the deterioration in overall functioning and life quality. Altered cognitive function is associated with a worse prognosis of BP-I, however little is known about the relationship between cognitive functions and the clinical features of BP-I. Objective: To establish possible associations between cognitive function and the clinical and socio-demographic characteristics of patients with BP-I. Methods: Cognitive function was evaluated by applying a neuropsychological battery to a group of patients with a BP-I diagnosis, who did not have affective episodes for at least 6 months, and who were outpatients treated at the San Juan de Dios Clinic in Manizales. The statistical analysis involved using clustering methodology in order to divide those patients with the best and worst cognitive function and it was later correlated with the clinical and socio-demographic variables. Results: A statistically significant corrrelation was found between the number of years of education and the age the disorder started with alterations in the level of cognitive function (P=.002 and P=.017 respectively). No significant correlations were found with other variables. Conclusions: An early onset of the pathology and fewer years of education seems to be risk factors associated with poorer cognitive function in patients with BP-I.

Relationship Between Cognitive Function and Clinical Features in Patients With Bipolar I Disorder. / Relación del funcionamiento cognitivo con variables clínicas en pacientes con trastorno bipolar tipo I.

INTRODUCTION: Previous studies suggest that the severity of alterations in cognitive functions in people with a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder (BP-I) are directly related to the deterioration in overall functioning and life quality. Altered cognitive function is associated with a worse prognosis of BP-I, however little is known about the relationship between cognitive functions and the clinical features of BP-I. OBJECTIVE: To establish possible associations between cognitive function and the clinical and socio-demographic characteristics of patients with BP-I. METHODS: Cognitive function was evaluated by applying a neuropsychological battery to a group of patients with a BP-I diagnosis, who did not have affective episodes for at least 6 months, and who were outpatients treated at the San Juan de Dios Clinic in Manizales. The statistical analysis involved using clustering methocology in order to divide those patients with the best and worst cognitive function and it was later correlated with the clinical and socio-demographic variables. RESULTS: A statistically significant corrrelation was found between the number of years of education and the age the disorder started with alterations in the level of cognitive function (P=.002 and P=.017 respectively). No significant correlations were found with other variables. CONCLUSIONS: An early onset of the pathology and fewer years of education seems to be risk factors associated with poorer cognitive function in patients with BP-I.

Inflammatory Markers in the Staging of Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review of the Literature / Marcadores inflamatorios en la estadificación del trastorno bipolar: una revisión sistemática de la literatura

ABSTRACT Background: Previous studies suggest that inflammatory molecules play an important role in the pathophysiology of Bipolar Disorder (BD). The evidence suggests that BD may present a progressive course. Therefore there are theories that postulate the relationship between progression and stages of the disease with distinct peripheral biomarkers. Objective: The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review of the literature of studies about the association between peripheral inflammatory markers and clinical variables related with staging in BD patients. Methods: We conducted a systematic review using electronic databases: PubMed, SciELO, LiLACS and PsycINFO. Keywords were divided into inflammatory markers and, BD and staging. Studies involving euthymic BD patients, studies evaluating peripheral biomarkers and studies correlating these with clinical variables related to neuroprogression or stage of BD were included. Results: We present and discuss the methods and findings of ten articles. The inflammatory markers were measured with different techniques and show some contradictories results. The TNF superfamily and inflammatory cytokines may have a relationship with the neuroprogression of the disease. Conclusions: This study suggests that TNF and ILs could play a role in neuroprogression. However, longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the relationship between factors associated with neuroprogression.

RESUMEN Introducción: Estudios previos indican que las moléculas inflamatorias tienen un papel importante en la fisiopatología del trastorno bipolar (TB). La evidencia apunta a que el TB puede presentar un curso progresivo. Por lo tanto, existen teorías que han postulado una relación entre la progresión y los estadios de la enfermedad con diferentes biomarcadores Revisión sistemática periféricos. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura de los estudios sobre la asociación entre los marcadores inflamatorios periféricos y las variables clínicas relacionadas con la estadificación en los pacientes con TB. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática usando las bases de datos electrónicas PubMed, SciELO, LiLACS y PsycINFO. Las palabras clave se dividieron en marcadores inflamatorios y TB y estadificación. Se incluyeron estudios que evaluaron a pacientes con TB en fase de eutimia, estudios que evaluaron biomarcadores periféricos y estudios que correlacionaron dichos marcadores con las variables clínicas relacionadas con la neuroprogresión o estadificación del TB. Resultados: Se presentan y se discuten los métodos y los hallazgos de 10 artículos. Los marcadores inflamatorios se determinaron con diferentes técnicas y mostraron resultados contradictorios. La super familia del factor de necrosis tumoral y las citocinas inflamatorias podrían tener una relación con la neuroprogresión de la enfermedad. Conclusiones: El presente estudio indica que el factor de necrosis tumoral y las intereucinas pueden tener un papel en la neuroprogresión del TB. Sin embargo, se requieren estudios longitudinales con el fin de clarificar la relación entre los factores asociados con la neuro-progresión.

Inflammatory Markers in the Staging of Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies suggest that inflammatory molecules play an important role in the pathophysiology of Bipolar Disorder (BD). The evidence suggests that BD may present a progressive course. Therefore there are theories that postulate the relationship between progression and stages of the disease with distinct peripheral biomarkers. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review of the literature of studies about the association between peripheral inflammatory markers and clinical variables related with staging in BD patients. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review using electronic databases: PubMed, SciELO, LiLACS and PsycINFO. Keywords were divided into inflammatory markers and, BD and staging. Studies involving euthymic BD patients, studies evaluating peripheral biomarkers and studies correlating these with clinical variables related to neuroprogression or stage of BD were included. RESULTS: We present and discuss the methods and findings of ten articles. The inflammatory markers were measured with different techniques and show some contradictories results. The TNF superfamily and inflammatory cytokines may have a relationship with the neuroprogression of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that TNF and ILs could play a role in neuroprogression. However, longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the relationship between factors associated with neuroprogression.

[Validation of the Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP-S) Screen Scale in Patients with Bipolar Disorder I]. / Validación de la escala para cribar alteración cognitiva en psiquiatría (SCIP-S) en pacientes con trastorno bipolar.

BACKGROUND: The Spanish version of the cognitive impairment in psychiatry scale screening scale has been developed as a response to the needs arising in clinical practice during the evaluation of mental illness patients, but the performance is not known in the Colombian population with bipolar disorder I. This paper tries to establish construct validity and stability of the scale in patients with bipolar disorder I in the city of Manizales. METHODS: Construct validity was estimated by comparing the measurement in two divergent groups, a control group and a group with bipolar disorder I. It was also compared to a Neuropsychological battery measuring the same scale domains. The correlation between each one of the sub-tests of the scale and stability was evaluated through the reliability test-retest in the group with bipolar disorder I. RESULTS: The scale showed discriminatory capacity in cognitive functioning between the control group and the group with bipolar disorder I. The correlation with the neuropsychological battery was estimated by the Spearman test showing results between 0.36 and 0.77, and the correlation between each sub-test of the scale showed correlations between 0.39 and 0.72. Test-retest was measured with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and their values were between 0.77 and 0.91. CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish version of screening scale in the cognitive disorder in psychiatry shows acceptable validity and reliability as a measurement tool in clinical psychiatric practice.

Validación de la escala para cribar alteración cognitiva en psiquiatría (SCIP-S) en pacientes con trastorno bipolar / Validation of the Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP-S) Screen Scale in Patients with Bipolar Disorder I

Introducción: La versión española de la escala para cribar alteración cognitiva en psiquiatría se ha desarrollado en respuesta a las necesidades que se presentan en la práctica clínica durante la evaluación de pacientes con enfermedad mental, pero no se conoce cómo es su comportamiento en la población colombiana con trastorno bipolar I. El presente trabajo busca establecer la validez de constructo y la estabilidad de la escala en pacientes con trastorno bipolar I de la ciudad de Manizales. Métodos: Se estimó la validez de constructo comparando la medición en dos grupos divergentes, grupo control y grupo con trastorno bipolar I; se comparó con una batería neuropsicológica que medía los mismos dominios de la escala; se evaluó la correlación entre cada una de las subpruebas de la escala y la estabilidad a través de la confiabilidad test-retest en el grupo con trastorno bipolar I. Resultados: La escala mostró capacidad discriminatoria del funcionamiento cognitivo entre el grupo control y el grupo con trastorno bipolar I. La correlación con la batería neuropsicológica se estimó por medio de la prueba de Spearman, que mostró resultados entre 0,36 y 0,77, y la correlación entre las subpruebas de la escala mostró correlaciones entre 0,39 y 0,72. La prueba test-retest se midió con el coeficiente de correlación intraclase y su valores fueron entre 0,77 y 0,91. Conclusiones: La versión española de la escala para criba de alteración cognitiva en psiquiatría muestra validez y confiabilidad aceptables como instrumento de medición en la practica clínica psiquiátrica.

Background: The Spanish version of the cognitive impairment in psychiatry scale screening scale has been developed as a response to the needs arising in clinical practice during the evaluation of mental illness patients, but the performance is not known in the Colombian population with bipolar disorder I. This paper tries to establish construct validity and stability of the scale in patients with bipolar disorder I in the city of Manizales. Methods: Construct validity was estimated by comparing the measurement in two divergent groups, a control group and a group with bipolar disorder I. It was also compared to a Neuropsychological battery measuring the same scale domains. The correlation between each one of the sub-tests of the scale and stability was evaluated through the reliability test-retest in the group with bipolar disorder I. Results: The scale showed discriminatory capacity in cognitive functioning between the control group and the group with bipolar disorder I. The correlation with the neuropsycho logical battery was estimated by the Spearman test showing results between 0.36 and 0.77, and the correlation between each sub-test of the scale showed correlations between 0.39 and 0.72. Test-retest was measured with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and their values were between 0.77 and 0.91. Conclusions: The Spanish version of screening scale in the cognitive disorder in psychiatry shows acceptable validity and reliability as a measurement tool in clinical psychiatric practice.